Add chicken, chicken broth and taco seasoning to a 6-qt Instant Pot® and gently toss to combine.
Stir in corn, black beans, salsa and green chiles. Without stirring, add rice.
Select manual setting; adjust pressure to high, and set time for 10 minutes. When finished cooking, quick-release pressure according to manufacturer's directions. Stir in cheese until melted, about 1 minute.
Serve immediately, garnished with cilantro, if desired.