Heat olive oil in a large stockpot or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add Italian sausage and cook until browned, about 3-5 minutes, making sure to crumble the sausage as it cooks; set aside.
Add onion, carrots and celery, and cook, stirring occasionally, until tender, about 4-5 minutes.
Stir in garlic, basil, oregano and thyme until fragrant, about 1 minute.
Stir in Italian sausage, chicken broth, tomato sauce, diced tomatoes, water, pasta and Parmesan rind; season with salt and pepper, to taste.
Bring to a boil; reduce heat and simmer, stirring occasionally, until pasta is tender, about 10-15 minutes.
Stir in beans until heated through, about 1-2 minutes.
Serve immediately, topped with Parmesan.
Notes
Use short cut pasta. Ditalini, macaroni or a small shape pasta similar in size to the vegetables and beans is ideal.
Save leftover Parmesan rinds. Get more out of those expensive Parmesan cheeses by using up the leftover rinds! Adding a Parmesan rind slightly thickens the broth and adds a level of nutty richness to the soup.
Add leafy greens. Pasta e fagioli is a great way to sneak in some greens for those picky eaters. Stir in kale, spinach, cabbage, swiss chard or collard greens near the end of cooking time until wilted.
Stir in more stock with leftovers. When reheating leftovers, stir in more stock as needed as the pasta will continue to soak up the broth. The pasta can also be cooked and stored separately.
Serve with crusty bread. Serve with all the homemade crusty bread for dipping, sopping and dunking!
Freeze without the pasta. The soup can be stored in the freezer for up to 3 months in individual freezer bags. Thaw overnight and gently reheat on the stovetop until warmed through, adding freshly cooked pasta just before serving.